December 14, 1999 There have been some questions regarding suction pipe velocities etc. that the following may shed some light upon. The general theory of suction entrapment forces can more easily be understood if I relate the factors to a moving train. The question is - How hard is it to stop the t...

POOL NIGHT LIGHTING by Leif Zars Tests were made utilizing one or two 500 watt swimming pool lights submerged 30" underwater in two distinctly different pools - one with normal white plaster and the other with a "dark" green plaster. Test readings were taken in candelas/meter2 at various distances f...

New Articles Performance Standards Diving Boards Diving Rocks Other Notes How to eliminate the need to police and inspect for suction dangers Some General Observations Food for Thought Basic Suction Numbers ...

SUGGESTED UNDERWATER PROFILES For DIVING ROCKS By LEIF ZARS 11/19/01 BASIC PREMISE: A conservative steering effort of 1 G was used in all calculations regarding my suggested underwater profiles to accommodate a dive from the edge of a pool from a stable platform from certain heights basically refe...

HOW TO ELIMINATE THE NEED TO POLICE AND INSPECT FOR SUCTION DANGERS IN POOLS AND SPAS 1: Set grate or opening size at a dimension or configuration that can not be blinded off by a person(s) or part of a person(s) or otherwise entrap or capture a person(s) or part of a person(s) - under any condition...